President Trump has signed two executive orders aimed at restricting birthright citizenship and cracking down on so-called "birth tourism," reigniting a fight over the scope of the 14th Amendment. The move comes only weeks after the Supreme Court ruled in June 2026 that the amendment guarantees birthright citizenship, striking down Trump's earlier attempt during his first term to eliminate it, meaning the new orders are likely to face immediate legal challenges.

The first order, titled "Continuing to Protect the Meaning and Value of American Citizenship," excludes from automatic citizenship babies born to foreign government employees, children of members of designated foreign terrorist groups, and infants whose parents committed immigration fraud. The second, "Ending Birth Tourism," directs the State Department and Department of Homeland Security to deny visas to those suspected of travelling to the US specifically to give birth. Estimates of how common this practice is vary sharply, from under 10,000 births a year according to CDC data to around 70,000 in 2023 per the Center for Immigration Studies, still under 2% of the 3.6 million births recorded annually in the US. White House adviser Stephen Miller called the orders one of the administration's most important immigration reforms, while the ACLU predicted they would "meet the same fate as the last one" and analyst David Bier accused the administration of ignoring the Supreme Court's ruling.