Moody's has warned that US datacentre construction is outpacing the ability of the electricity grid to supply it, as the AI-driven building boom collides with lengthy permitting delays and equipment shortages. The credit ratings agency estimates that power demand from American datacentres will reach 426 terawatt-hours by 2030, almost double 2025 levels, requiring roughly $110 billion in new generation capacity and adding $25-30 billion a year to electricity system costs. The mismatch matters because it threatens to slow the rollout of AI infrastructure while pushing up energy prices for ordinary consumers, fuelling a growing backlash against new developments.

Grid connection delays of up to seven years, alongside a parallel transmission bottleneck requiring $80-115 billion in investment through 2030, are prompting operators to explore alternatives such as on-site "behind-the-meter" power generation. States like Texas have seen rapid datacentre growth, but strained local grids have led some authorities to restrict new connections, while rising bills elsewhere have triggered stricter approval rules and project moratoriums. President Trump has introduced a Ratepayer Protection Pledge under which tech and energy firms commit to shielding consumers from cost rises, and Moody's believes the long-term infrastructure investment should eventually improve grid reliability and affordability despite near-term strain.