Monty Roberts, the American horse trainer known for promoting trust-based, non-violent methods, has died aged 91. His “Join-Up” approach challenged force-led training by focusing on horse behaviour, body language and cooperation, helping make him an influential figure in modern horsemanship.

Born in California in 1935, Roberts developed his methods after observing wild mustangs and rejecting the harsh practices he associated with his father’s work. He trained racehorses, wrote the bestselling autobiography *The Man Who Listens to Horses*, and formed a long friendship with Queen Elizabeth II after working with her horses; his daughter Debbie is expected to continue his training centre and online work.