Why animals are smarter than we think

Conventional measures such as IQ capture only part of intelligence, and treating human abilities as the standard can lead us to overlook how animals solve problems and adapt. Philosopher Jeff Sebo argues that recognising animal minds as complex may broaden empathy and challenge assumptions about which animals deserve consideration.

People’s empathy is often shaped by whether an animal is seen as a companion or a commodity, even when animals show similar signs of sentience. Sebo points to research suggesting bees play by rolling wooden balls, and says insects can show sophisticated perception, learning, memory, flexible decision-making and communication.