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Russia’s full-scale invasion of Ukraine began in February 2022, and artillery has been central to the fighting. Artillery guns fire heavy shells over long distances, but their barrels gradually wear out through repeated use and must be replaced to keep the weapons accurate and safe.

Ukraine’s armed forces rely on supplies from several partner countries, including the UK, while Russia has its own large artillery forces. Sheffield has a long history of making specialist steel and defence equipment, and British-made components can help Ukraine maintain weapons already in service.