Neither war nor peace in Tigray – is Ethiopia’s latest conflict really over?

Ethiopia’s national army has taken control of Mekelle less than two weeks after fighting resumed between federal forces and the Tigray People’s Liberation Front (TPLF). Although government figures say the war is effectively over, reports of continued clashes and residents’ uncertainty suggest the region remains unstable.

The renewed conflict began in late September, reviving a civil war that officially ended in 2022. Hundreds are reported to have died, including people killed in drone strikes and air raids. Analysts cite divisions, defections and weakened public support as reasons for the TPLF’s rapid retreat, while the group says it is preparing a counteroffensive; residents report fighting in several parts of Tigray.