An Australian-trained doctor who joined ISIS in Syria and became notorious for appearing in propaganda videos as "Dr Jihad" has reportedly been found alive and is seeking to return to Australia, despite once vowing never to come back. Tareq Kamleh, an Adelaide-born medic, treated ISIS fighters and appeared in recruitment material for the terror group before he was believed by many to have been killed; his resurfacing raises questions for Australian authorities about how to handle citizens who supported the caliphate and later seek repatriation.

Kamleh trained as a doctor in Australia before travelling to Syria, where he worked in ISIS-run medical facilities and featured in propaganda urging Western Muslims, including doctors, to join the group. He had previously declared he would never return home, but reports now indicate he is alive and wants to come back to Australia, reigniting debate over the security risks and legal consequences facing former ISIS members attempting repatriation.