Switzerland’s long-standing civil-defence policy has left it with more nuclear shelters than any other country, despite its military neutrality. The network reflects Cold War fears and remains significant as European security concerns have risen again, showing how a small neutral state has prepared for threats beyond conventional warfare.

Swiss law required most homes and many public buildings to include fallout shelters, creating enough protected spaces for nearly the entire population. The country has roughly 360,000 bunkers and shelter places for about nine million people, although many facilities would need maintenance or upgrades before being used in a modern emergency.