A drafting error in Estonia's Gambling Tax Act, passed by parliament in December, accidentally excluded online casinos from taxation for a full year, costing the government an estimated €24 million ($27.4 million) in lost revenue. The mistake — the law referred only to "skill games" rather than games of chance or remote gambling — was spotted by a gambling operator's legal counsel, and matters because it exposed a gap in human legislative review that Estonia has now moved to fill with artificial intelligence.

Former digital transformation undersecretary Luukas Ilves found that Claude and Gemini both immediately caught the inconsistency, and within hours built a prototype tool, Apsakaleidja ("Fuckup Finder"), that scans draft bills for broken references, contradictions, arithmetic errors and impossible dates, rating their risk. The episode prompted the government to expand AI use: Prime Minister Kristen Michal launched the Eesti.ai skilling programme, aiming to double national productivity by 2035, and a bill now before parliament would let state and local government automate administrative processes using AI. Officials say rule-bound decisions could be automated while discretionary ones keep a human in the loop, with citizens retaining a right to be heard and every automated decision leaving an audit trail. Estonia also hopes to become the first country to issue official digital identities to AI agents.