The engine parts that ‘fight the laws of the universe’

Aircraft turbine blades can withstand intense heat and mechanical stress because they are cast as single crystals, a difficult process mastered by only a few companies. The technology matters because these blades are critical engine components, and control of their supply has become a strategic concern for manufacturers.

To make a blade, molten alloy is cooled gradually so one crystal grows through the mould; a spiral feature called a pigtail helps it take hold and is removed afterwards. Rolls-Royce uses the blades in engines for the Airbus A350-900 and Boeing 787, and plans to invest more than £19m in its Rotherham facility. GE Aerospace announced a $11.75bn acquisition of its blade supplier, while China is seeking to match Western production capabilities.