Virtual private networks (VPNs) enhance online privacy by encrypting internet traffic and masking a user's IP address, identity and location, protecting against snooping by hackers, advertisers and internet service providers. While a VPN cannot prevent every cyber threat, such as weak passwords being cracked or phishing attempts succeeding, deciding whether to keep one running constantly depends on weighing added protection against situations where a VPN can cause more inconvenience than benefit, such as breaking access to certain streaming or banking sites.

The article identifies two main scenarios where VPN use is most valuable: connecting to insecure networks and accessing sensitive information. Public Wi-Fi is highlighted as a key risk, since attackers can snoop on unsecured connections or create fake networks mimicking trusted ones, while a VPN also guards against sites lacking HTTPS encryption. Citing an FTC study, the piece notes that ISPs often collect and sell data on browsing habits, which VPNs can help obscure, though they do not hide activity logged by browsers or accounts such as Google. VPNs are also recommended when travelling, particularly in countries with monitored internet access, and can help access geo-restricted streaming content or add protection when handling sensitive accounts like banking or email.